Segment results for Flat-rolled
Quarter Ended March 31, |
% Change |
||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
(Loss) income from operations ($ millions) |
$ | (422 | ) | $ | 97 | ||||||
Raw steel production (mnt) |
2,279 | 5,558 | -59 | % | |||||||
Capability utilization |
38.0 | % | 91.7 | % | -59 | % | |||||
Steel shipments (mnt) |
2,123 | 4,701 | -55 | % | |||||||
Average realized steel price per ton |
$ | 715 | $ | 646 | 11 | % |
The decrease in Flat-rolled results in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to the same period in 2008 resulted mainly from lower commercial effects (approximately $150 million), increased labor costs and spending (approximately $150 million), carrying costs for idled facilities (which totaled approximately $230 million for the first quarter of 2009), the recognition of future layoff benefits for approximately 7,700 employees ($72 million) and higher raw material costs (approximately $60 million).
Segment results for 榴莲视频E
Quarter Ended March 31, |
% Change |
||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
(Loss) income from operations ($ millions) |
$ | (159 | ) | $ | 161 | ||||||
Raw steel production (mnt) |
999 | 1,908 | -48 | % | |||||||
Capability utilization |
54.8 | % | 103.4 | % | -47 | % | |||||
Steel shipments (mnt) |
897 | 1,638 | -45 | % | |||||||
Average realized steel price per ton |
$ | 672 | $ | 791 | -15 | % |
The decrease in 榴莲视频E results in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to the same period in 2008 was primarily due to lower commercial effects (approximately $220 million) and higher raw material costs (approximately $90 million).
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Segment results for Tubular
Quarter Ended March 31, |
% Change |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||
Income from operations ($ millions) |
$ | 127 | $ | 51 | 149 | % | |||
Steel shipments (mnt) |
207 | 433 | -52 | % | |||||
Average realized steel price per ton |
$ | 2,353 | $ | 1,297 | 81 | % |
The increase in Tubular results in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to the same period last year mainly resulted from higher commercial effects (approximately $150 million), partially offset by increased spending (approximately $20 million), the recognition of future layoff benefits for approximately 1,700 employees ($18 million) and carrying costs for idled facilities (which totaled approximately $20 million for the first quarter of 2009).
Results for Other Businesses
Other Businesses generated a loss of $3 million in the first quarter of 2009, compared to income of $18 million in the first quarter of 2008. The decrease resulted primarily from lower results for our transportation business due mainly to the sale of Elgin, Joliet and Eastern Railway Company (EJ&E) in the first quarter of 2009.
Items not allocated to segments
The increase in retiree benefit expenses compared to the first quarter last year primarily resulted from the decreased funded status of the main pension plan and benefit enhancements included in the 2008 CBAs.
We recorded a $97 million pre-tax net gain on sale of assets in the first quarter of 2009 as a result of the sale of a majority of the operating assets of EJ&E. The net gain included a pension curtailment charge of approximately $10 million.
Workforce reduction charges of $86 million in the first quarter of 2009 reflected employee severance and net benefit charges related to a VERP offered to certain non-represented employees in the United States.
A litigation reserve of $45 million was established in the first quarter of 2008 as a result of a court ruling involving a rate escalation provision in a U. S. Steel power supply contract. See Part II. Other Information – Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
Unfavorable flat-rolled inventory transition effects of $17 million in the first quarter of 2008 reflected the impact of selling inventory acquired in the acquisition of 榴莲视频C, which had been recorded at fair value.
Net interest and other financial costs
Quarter Ended March 31, |
% Change |
||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||
Interest and other financial costs |
$ | 39 | $ | 49 | -20 | % | |||||
Interest income |
(2 | ) | (5 | ) | |||||||
Foreign currency losses (gains) |
34 | (76 | ) | ||||||||
Total net interest and other financial costs (income) |
$ | 71 | $ | (32 | ) |
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The unfavorable change in net interest and other financial costs in the first quarter of 2009 compared to the same period last year was mainly due to unfavorable changes in foreign currency effects. The foreign currency effects include remeasurement effects on a U.S. dollar-denominated intercompany loan (the Intercompany Loan) to a European subsidiary that had an outstanding balance of $820 million at March 31, 2009, and related euro-U.S. dollar derivatives activity, which we use to mitigate our foreign currency exposure. For additional information on U. S. Steel’s foreign currency exchange activity, see Note 13 to the Financial Statements and “Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk – Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk.”
The income tax benefit in the first quarter of 2009 was $110 million, compared with a provision of $58 million in the first quarter of 2008. The first quarter 2009 effective tax benefit rate of 20 percent is lower than the statutory rate because losses in Canada and Serbia, which are jurisdictions where we have recorded a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, do not generate a tax benefit for accounting purposes. Included in the first quarter 2009 tax benefit is $35 million of tax expense related to the net gain on the sale of EJ&E.
At March 31, 2009, the net domestic deferred tax asset was $930 million compared to $802 million at December 31, 2008. A substantial amount of U. S. Steel’s domestic deferred tax assets relate to employee benefits that will become deductible for tax purposes over an extended period of time as cash contributions are made to employee benefit plans and payments are made to retirees. As a result of our cumulative historical earnings, we continue to believe it is more likely than not that the assets will be realized.
At March 31, 2009, the foreign deferred tax asset was $94 million, net of an established valuation allowance of $352 million. As of December 31, 2008, the foreign deferred tax asset was $32 million, net of an established valuation allowance of $281 million. Net foreign deferred tax assets will fluctuate as the value of the U.S. dollar changes with respect to the euro, the Canadian dollar and the Serbian dinar. A full valuation allowance is provided for Serbian deferred tax assets because current projected investment tax credits, which must be used before net operating losses and credit carryforwards, are more than sufficient to offset future tax liabilities. A full valuation allowance is recorded for Canadian deferred tax assets due to the absence of positive evidence at 榴莲视频C to support the realizability of the assets. If 榴莲视频C and U. S. Steel Serbia (榴莲视频S) generate sufficient income, the valuation allowances of $289 million for Canadian deferred tax assets and $49 million for Serbian deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2009, would be partially or fully reversed at such time that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized.
For further information on income taxes see Note 10 to the Financial Statements.
The net loss attributable to 榴莲视频 was $439 million in the first quarter of 2009, compared to net income of $235 million in the first quarter of 2008. The decrease primarily reflects the factors discussed above.
BALANCE SHEET
Receivables decreased by $761 million from year-end 2008 as first quarter 2009 shipment volumes decreased compared to the fourth quarter of 2008.
Inventories decreased by $412 million as a result of reduced operating levels.
Accounts payable decreased by $242 million from year-end 2008 primarily due to decreased production levels compared to the fourth quarter of 2008.
Payroll and benefits payable decreased by $142 million from year end 2008 mainly due to the absence of accruals for profit-based employee payments in the first quarter of 2009.
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CASH FLOW
Net cash provided from operating activities was $309 million for the first quarter of 2009, compared to $237 million in the same period last year. The increase primarily resulted from favorable changes in working capital. The favorable working capital change mainly reflected reductions in inventories and receivables in the first quarter of 2009. Cash provided from operating activities in the first quarter of 2008 was reduced by a $35 million voluntary contribution to our main defined benefit pension plan in the United States. Additionally, pursuant to a December 2007 agreement with the USW, we made payments of $20 million in the first quarter of 2008 to our trust for retiree health care and life insurance to provide benefits to certain former National Steel employees and their eligible dependents.
Capital expenditures in the first quarter of 2009 were $118 million, compared with $114 million in the same period in 2008. Flat-rolled expenditures were $98 million and included spending for modernization of our cokemaking facilities, including expenditures for construction of a co-generation facility at Granite City Works, and development of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. 榴莲视频E expenditures of $10 million were mainly for environmental projects.
Capital expenditures – variable interest entities reflects spending for a non-recovery coke plant to supply Granite City Works by Gateway Energy & Coke Company, LLC (Gateway). This spending is consolidated in our financial results but is funded by Gateway and, therefore, is completely offset by distributions from noncontrolling interests in financing activities.
U. S. Steel’s domestic contract commitments to acquire property, plant and equipment at March 31, 2009, totaled $217 million.
Capital expenditures planned for 2009 have been reduced from $740 million to $410 million, consisting largely of required environmental and other infrastructure projects already underway. A large portion of the $330 million reduction from our previous estimate for 2009 was due to the delay of our previously announced coke plant modernization project at our Clairton Plant. These amounts exclude spending by Gateway.
The preceding statement concerning expected 2009 capital expenditures is a forward-looking statement. This forward-looking statement is based on assumptions, which can be affected by (among other things) levels of cash flow from operations, general economic conditions, business conditions, availability of capital, whether or not assets are purchased or financed by operating leases, receipt of necessary permits and unforeseen hazards such as contractor performance, material shortages, weather conditions, explosions or fires, which could delay the timing of completion of particular capital projects. Accordingly, actual results may differ materially from current expectations in the forward-looking statement.
Disposal of assets in the first quarter of 2009 reflected cash proceeds of approximately $300 million from the sale of a majority of the operating assets of EJ&E.
Dividends paid in the first quarter of 2009 were $35 million, compared with $29 million in the same period in 2008. Payments in the first quarter of 2009 reflected a quarterly dividend rate of 30 cents per common share and payments in the first quarter of 2008 reflected a quarterly dividend rate of 25 cents per common share.
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The following table summarizes U. S. Steel’s liquidity as of March 31, 2009:
(Dollars in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents (a) |
$ | 1,130 | |
Amount available under Receivables Purchase Agreement |
500 | ||
Amount available under Credit Facility (b) |
735 | ||
Amount available under 榴莲视频K credit facilities |
72 | ||
Amount available under 榴莲视频S credit facilities |
67 | ||
Total estimated liquidity |
$ | 2,504 |
(a) |
Excludes $1 million of cash related to U. S. Steel’s less than wholly owned consolidated entities because it was not available for U. S. Steel’s use. |
(b) |
Lehman Brothers Commercial Bank (Lehman) holds a $15 million commitment in our $750 million Credit Agreement. With the bankruptcy filing by Lehman’s parent in September 2008, we do not know if Lehman could or would fund its share of the commitment. Therefore, in reporting liquidity as of March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel has reduced the availability of the $750 million Credit Agreement to $735 million. |
U. S. Steel has a receivables purchase program that provides up to $500 million of liquidity and letters of credit depending upon the number of eligible receivables generated by U. S. Steel. The commitments under the Receivables Purchase Agreement (RPA) expire in September 2010, but may be extended at the committed purchasers’ discretion. Domestic trade accounts receivables are sold, on a daily basis, without recourse, to U. S. Steel Receivables LLC (榴莲视频R), a consolidated wholly owned special purpose entity. 榴莲视频R then sells an undivided interest in these receivables to certain conduits. The conduits issue commercial paper to finance the purchase of their interest in the receivables and if any of them are unable to fund such purchases, two banks are committed to do so. U. S. Steel has agreed to continue servicing the sold receivables at market rates. Because U. S. Steel receives adequate compensation for these services, no servicing asset or liability has been recorded.
While the RPA expires in September 2010, the facility also may be terminated on the occurrence and failure to cure certain events, including, among others, failure by U. S. Steel to make payments under our material debt obligations and any failure to maintain certain ratios related to the collectability of the receivables. As of March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel had more than $500 million of eligible receivables, none of which were sold.
U. S. Steel has a $750 million unsecured revolving credit facility with a group of lenders and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as administrative agent (Credit Facility), which expires in May 2012. The Credit Facility has an interest coverage ratio (consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) to consolidated interest expense) covenant of 2:1 and a leverage ratio (consolidated debt to consolidated EBITDA) covenant of 3.25:1 (collectively, the Financial Covenants), and other customary terms and conditions, including limitations on liens and mergers. As of March 31, 2009, we had no borrowings against this facility.
On June 11, 2007, U. S. Steel entered into an unsecured $500 million five-year term loan agreement (the five-year Term Loan) with a group of lenders and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Administrative Agent. The agreement for the five-year Term Loan contains the same financial covenants and limitations as the Credit Facility, as well as mandatory principal repayments of $25 million per year. As of March 31, 2009, $475 million was outstanding under the five-year Term Loan.
On October 12, 2007, U. S. Steel entered into an unsecured $500 million three-year term loan agreement (the three-year Term Loan) with the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
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as Administrative Agent and with the same financial covenants and limitations as the Credit Facility. A principal repayment of $40 million is required on the second anniversary date. As of March 31, 2009, $180 million was outstanding under the three-year Term Loan.
We have received executed consents from the lenders holding a majority of the commitments under our Credit Facility and a majority of the debt under each of our $655 million of outstanding term loans discussed above (Term Loans) to eliminate the existing Financial Covenants and replace them with a fixed-charge coverage ratio covenant of 1.1:1 that is only tested if availability under the Credit Facility falls below approximately $112.5 million. The fixed charge coverage ratio will be defined in the amendments, and we expect it to be calculated at the end of each quarter, on the basis of the ratio, for the four consecutive quarters then ended, of operating cash flow to cash charges. For the amendments, U. S. Steel will be required to revise pricing and amend certain terms and conditions and provide collateral, principally in the form of inventory. The amendments are not expected to become effective until later in the second quarter and are subject to the completion of definitive financing documentation and collateral diligence.
To facilitate the amendments of the Credit Facility and Term Loans, we have agreed to amend our RPA and we will be required to revise pricing and amend certain terms and conditions. The amendment is not expected to become effective until later in the second quarter and is subject to the completion of definitive documentation.
If we are unable to complete the amendments, we may not be able to meet the Financial Covenants. If that occurs, we would be required to repay the Term Loans and any amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility and could not make further borrowings under the Credit Facility.
At March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel Košice (榴莲视频K) had no borrowings against its €40 million and €20 million credit facilities (which approximated $80 million), but had $8 million of customs and other guarantees outstanding, reducing availability to $72 million. Both facilities expire in December 2009.
At March 31, 2009, 榴莲视频K had €200 million (approximately $266 million) borrowed against its three-year revolving unsecured credit facility. This facility expires in July 2011.
At March 31, 2009, 榴莲视频S had no borrowings against its €50 million (approximately $67 million) committed working capital facility that is partially secured by 榴莲视频S’s inventory of finished and semi-finished goods. €10 million of the agreements expires on August 31, 2009 with the remaining €40 million of the agreements expiring on August 31, 2010.
On May 21, 2007, U. S. Steel issued a total of $1.1 billion of senior notes consisting of $350 million at 6.65 percent due 2037, $450 million at 6.05 percent due 2017, and $300 million at 5.65 percent due 2013, (collectively, the Senior Notes). The Senior Notes contain covenants restricting our ability to create liens and engage in sale-leasebacks and requiring the purchase of the Senior Notes upon a change of control under specified circumstances, as well as other customary provisions. At March 31, 2009, the aggregate principal amount outstanding under the Senior Notes was $1.1 billion.
On December 10, 2007, U. S. Steel issued $500 million of 7.00% Senior Notes due 2018 (the 2018 Senior Notes). The 2018 Senior Notes contain covenants restricting our ability to create liens and engage in sale-leasebacks and requiring the purchase of the 2018 Senior Notes upon a change of control under specified circumstances, as well as other customary provisions. As of March 31, 2009, the principal amount outstanding under the 2018 Senior Notes was $500 million.
We were in compliance with all of our debt covenants at March 31, 2009.
In order to help preserve our liquidity and financial flexibility, in April 2009, our Board of Directors reduced our quarterly dividend to five cents per share, which will result in annual cash savings of approximately $116 million.
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In April 2009, we reached agreement with the USW to defer $95 million of contributions otherwise required to be made during 2009 and the beginning of 2010 to our trust for retiree health care and life insurance until 2012 and 2013. Further, the USW has agreed to permit us to use all or part of the $75 million contribution we made in 2008 to pay current retiree health care and death benefit claims, subject to a make-up contribution in 2013.
We previously placed a freeze on hiring and annual merit-based salary increases, discontinued the company match on our 401(k) program and discontinued all non-essential travel and other outside services costs. Effective July 1, 2009, our CEO’s base compensation will be reduced by 20 percent, other executive base salaries will be reduced by 10 percent, and our general manager salaries will be reduced by 5 to 10 percent. Fees for our Board of Directors will also be reduced by 10 percent.
Our CEO informed the Compensation and Organization Committee of the Board of Directors (Committee) that in light of his existing long-term incentive grants and direct share ownership, he declined to be considered for any 2009 long-term incentive grants should the Committee take up that matter at a later date for other executives and employees. Respecting the CEO’s request, the Committee accepted his recommendation noting that it was an appropriate expression of leadership at this difficult time. (The grant-date value of the CEO’s long-term incentive compensation in 2008 was $6.4 million.)
As previously discussed, our Credit Facility and Term Loans contain Financial Covenants and other conditions to borrowing and re-borrowing. The current global recession may affect our ability to comply with those covenants and conditions due to its impact on our earnings and cash flow, and may affect the lenders’ ability to make loans under the Credit Facility and the availability of funds under the RPA. If the proposed amendments to the Credit Facility and the Term Loans previously discussed become effective, borrowings would be limited by the borrowing base described in the proposed amendments. In general, availability under the Credit Facility would be limited to a monthly borrowing base of certain eligible inventory less the total amounts outstanding under the Term Loans. If we are unable to complete the amendments, we may not be able to meet the Financial Covenants. If that occurs, we would be required to repay the Term Loans and any amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility and could not make further borrowings under the Credit Facility.
We use surety bonds, trusts and letters of credit to provide financial assurance for certain transactions and business activities. The use of some forms of financial assurance and collateral have a negative impact on liquidity. U. S. Steel has committed $122 million of liquidity sources for financial assurance purposes as of March 31, 2009, and may need to increase this amount in 2009.
In the event of the bankruptcy of Marathon Oil Corporation, obligations of $496 million relating to Environmental Revenue Bonds and two capital leases, as well as $28 million relating to an operating lease, may be declared immediately due and payable.
The guarantee of the indebtedness of an unconsolidated entity of U. S. Steel totaled $9 million at March 31, 2009. In the event that any default related to the guaranteed indebtedness occurs, U. S. Steel has access to its interest in the assets of the investee to reduce its potential losses under the guarantee.
The current recession has restricted our visibility even in the near term and has limited our ability to predict our cash needs with any degree of certainty. Our major cash requirements in 2009 are expected to be for capital expenditures, employee benefits and carrying costs related to the idled facilities. We finished the first quarter of 2009 with $1.1 billion of available cash. When business conditions begin to improve, our working capital requirements will likely increase and we may need to draw upon our credit facilities for necessary cash. Funding under the RPA is based on a pool of eligible
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receivables that has declined as a result of lower orders. A sudden increase in orders could require a significant amount of investment in working capital. Should we experience a significant increase in orders or an unexpected need for funds that cannot be met with available cash and our liquidity facilities, we may need to access the capital markets. Over the longer term, we have significant future debt maturities (see Note 15 to the Financial Statements in U. S. Steel’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008) and other obligations. Given the uncertainty regarding the duration of the global recession and the current turmoil in the financial markets, it is impossible to predict with any degree of certainty how much cash we will be able to generate, or the availability and terms of new borrowings or equity securities, to meet our long-term obligations.
We intend to repay the Term Loans from net proceeds from the public offerings of common stock and senior convertible notes due 2014, which were announced on April 27, 2009. Our ability to consummate these offerings will depend upon market and other conditions and we cannot predict whether we will be able to do so or what the terms and conditions will be for these offerings. If we are unable to refinance the Term Loans our ability to borrow the full amount under the Credit Facility may be reduced as the borrowing base formula includes a reduction for amounts outstanding under the Term Loans.
U. S. Steel management believes that U. S. Steel’s liquidity will be adequate to satisfy our obligations for the foreseeable future, including obligations to complete currently authorized capital spending programs. Future requirements for U. S. Steel’s business needs, including the funding of acquisitions and capital expenditures, scheduled debt maturities, contributions to employee benefit plans, and any amounts that may ultimately be paid in connection with contingencies, are expected to be financed by a combination of internally generated funds (including asset sales), proceeds from the sale of stock, borrowings, refinancings and other external financing sources. However, in the current unsettled financial markets it is unclear what terms and conditions may be available to us although we expect such terms to be less favorable than those on our outstanding obligations.
Our opinion regarding liquidity is a forward-looking statement based upon currently available information. To the extent that operating cash flow is materially lower than recent levels or external financing sources are not available on terms competitive with those currently available, future liquidity may be adversely affected.
Debt Ratings
In March 2009, Moody’s Investors Service placed its ratings assigned to our senior unsecured debt under review for possible downgrade citing the challenges facing us as steel industry conditions remain difficult with very weak demand and low capacity utilization levels.
In April 2009, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services placed its ratings assigned to our senior unsecured debt on CreditWatch with negative implications. They cited the weak operating environment, the lack of signs of meaningful recovery in steel end-markets in 2009 and our relatively high fixed-cost structure compared to minimill competitors.
In April 2009, Fitch Ratings affirmed its BBB- ratings assigned to our senior unsecured debt and revised our outlook to negative. The negative outlook reflects Fitch’s view that the steel market will be extremely weak over the near term, that capacity utilization rates are historically low and that there is limited visibility on earnings.
Off-balance Sheet Arrangements
U. S. Steel did not enter into any new off-balance sheet arrangements during the first quarter of 2009.
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ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS, LITIGATION AND CONTINGENCIES
U. S. Steel has incurred and will continue to incur substantial capital, operating and maintenance, and remediation expenditures as a result of environmental laws and regulations. In recent years, these expenditures have been mainly for process changes in order to meet Clean Air Act obligations and similar obligations in Europe, although ongoing compliance costs have also been significant. To the extent that these expenditures, as with all costs, are not ultimately reflected in the prices of our products and services, operating results will be reduced. U. S. Steel believes that our major North American and many European integrated steel competitors are confronted by substantially similar conditions and thus does not believe that our relative position with regard to such competitors is materially affected by the impact of environmental laws and regulations. However, the costs and operating restrictions necessary for compliance with environmental laws and regulations may have an adverse effect on our competitive position with regard to domestic mini-mills, some foreign steel producers (particularly in developing economies such as China) and producers of materials which compete with steel, all of which may not be required to incur equivalent costs in their operations. In addition, the specific impact on each competitor may vary depending on a number of factors, including the age and location of its operating facilities and its production methods. U. S. Steel is also responsible for remediation costs related to our prior disposal of environmentally sensitive materials. Most of our competitors do not have similar historic liabilities.
Our U.S. facilities are subject to the U.S. environmental standards, including the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Natural Resource Damage Assessments and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, as well as state and local laws and regulations.
榴莲视频C is subject to the environmental laws of Canada, which are comparable to environmental standards in the United States. Environmental regulation in Canada is an area of shared responsibility between the federal government and the provincial governments, which in turn delegate certain matters to municipal governments. Federal environmental statutes include the federal Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 and the Fisheries Act. Various provincial statutes regulate environmental matters such as the release and remediation of hazardous substances; waste storage, treatment and disposal; and air emissions. As in the United States, Canadian environmental laws (federal, provincial and local) are undergoing revision and becoming more stringent.
榴莲视频K is subject to the environmental laws of Slovakia and the European Union (EU).
榴莲视频S is subject to the environmental laws of Serbia. Under the terms of the acquisition, 榴莲视频S will be responsible for only those costs and liabilities associated with environmental events occurring subsequent to the completion of an environmental baseline study. The study was completed in June 2004 and submitted to the Government of Serbia.
Many nations, including the United States, are considering regulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. International negotiations to supplement or replace the 1997 Kyoto Protocol are ongoing. The integrated steel process involves a series of chemical reactions involving carbon that create CO2 emissions. This distinguishes integrated steel producers from mini-mills and many other industries where CO2 generation is generally linked to energy usage. The EU has established greenhouse gas regulations; Canada has published details of a regulatory framework for greenhouse gas emissions; and the United States has announced its commitment to establish regulations in the future. Such regulations may entail substantial capital expenditures, restrict production, and raise the price of coal and other carbon-based energy sources.
To comply with the 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the European Commission (EC) has created an Emissions Trading System (ETS). Under the
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ETS, the EC establishes CO2 emissions limits for every EU member state and approves grants of CO2 emission allowances to individual emitting facilities pursuant to national allocation plans that are proposed by each of the member states. The allowances can be bought and sold by emitting facilities to cover the quantities of CO2 they emit in their operations.
In July 2008, following approval by the EC of Slovakia’s national allocation plan for the 2008 – 2012 trading period (NAP II), Slovakia has granted 榴莲视频K more CO2 allowances per year than 榴莲视频K received for the 2005 to 2007 trading period. Based on actual carbon emissions in 2008, we believe that 榴莲视频K will have sufficient allowances for the NAP II period without purchasing additional allowances. On March 31, 2009, 榴莲视频K entered into a transaction to sell a portion of our emissions allowances for approximately $8 million. The transaction will settle in April 2009 and the related gain will be recorded in the second quarter of 2009.
On April 26, 2007, Canada’s federal government announced an Action Plan to Reduce Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollution (the Plan). The Plan would set mandatory reduction targets on all major greenhouse gas producing industries to achieve an absolute reduction of 150 megatonnes in greenhouse gas emissions from 2006 levels by 2020. On March 10, 2008, Canada’s federal government published details of its Regulatory Framework for Industrial Greenhouse Gas Emissions (the Framework). The Plan and the Framework provide that facilities existing in 2004 will be required to cut their greenhouse gas emissions intensity by 18 percent below their 2006 baseline by 2010, with a further two percent reduction in each following year. The Framework provided that newer and future facilities would be subject to phased in two percent annual emissions intensity reduction obligations and clean fuel standards. Companies will be able to choose the most cost-effective way to meet their targets from a range of options which include carbon trading, offsets and credit for early action (between 1992 and 2006). The Framework effectively exempts fixed process emissions of CO2, which could exclude certain iron and steel producing CO2 emissions from mandatory reductions. More recently, the federal government has indicated that it may reconsider its proposed intensity-based approach in light of potential U.S. legislation which may impose emission caps and import duties on countries which do not have a comparable regime.
In December 2007, the Ontario government announced its own Action Plan on Climate Change (the Ontario Action Plan). The Ontario Action Plan targets reductions in Ontario greenhouse gas emissions of 6 percent below 1990 levels by 2014, 15 percent below 1990 levels by 2020 and 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050. In December 2008, Ontario launched a consultation process towards the development of a cap and trade system to be implemented as early as 2010.
The impact on 榴莲视频C of the federal and Ontario proposals cannot be estimated at this time.
In the United States, the current Administration has announced its commitment to implement a national cap-and-trade program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80 percent by 2050. The parameters and timetable of this proposed program have not been announced so it is impossible to estimate its impact on U. S. Steel, although it could be significant.
In the United States, U. S. Steel has been notified that we are a potentially responsible party (PRP) at 23 sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) as of March 31, 2009. In addition, there are 11 sites related to U. S. Steel where we have received information requests or other indications that we may be a PRP under CERCLA but where sufficient information is not presently available to confirm the existence of liability or make any judgment as to the amount thereof. There are also 48 additional sites related to U. S. Steel where remediation is being sought under other environmental statutes, both federal and state, or where private parties are seeking remediation through discussions or litigation. At many of these sites, U. S. Steel is one of a number of parties involved and the total cost of remediation, as well as
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U. S. Steel’s share thereof, is frequently dependent upon the outcome of investigations and remedial studies. U. S. Steel accrues for environmental remediation activities when the responsibility to remediate is probable and the amount of associated costs is reasonably determinable. As environmental remediation matters proceed toward ultimate resolution or as additional remediation obligations arise, charges in excess of those previously accrued may be required. See Note 21 to the Financial Statements.
For discussion of relevant environmental items, see “Part II. Other Information – Item 1. Legal Proceedings – Environmental Proceedings.”
During the first quarter of 2009, U. S. Steel accrued $2 million for environmental matters for domestic and foreign facilities. The total accrual for such liabilities at March 31, 2009 was $161 million. These amounts exclude liabilities related to asset retirement obligations under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143.
U. S. Steel is the subject of, or a party to, a number of pending or threatened legal actions, contingencies and commitments involving a variety of matters, including laws and regulations relating to the environment. The ultimate resolution of these contingencies could, individually or in the aggregate, be material to the U. S. Steel Financial Statements. However, management believes that U. S. Steel will remain a viable and competitive enterprise even though it is possible that these contingencies could be resolved unfavorably to U. S. Steel.
OUTLOOK
We continue to face an extremely difficult global economic environment. We expect an operating loss in the second quarter as our order book remains at low levels and idled facility carrying costs continue to be incurred. Extremely short lead times coupled with the uncertainty surrounding financial markets and key steel-consuming industries such as automotive and construction make it difficult to forecast beyond a very short horizon.
Second quarter 2009 Flat-rolled results are expected to improve slightly as compared to the first quarter of 2009 primarily due to the accruals in the first quarter for estimated future layoff benefits and losses on excess natural gas purchase contracts. These effects are expected to be offset by lower average realized prices and additional idled facility carrying costs. Shipments are expected to be in line with the first quarter of 2009.
We expect an operating loss for 榴莲视频E in the second quarter of 2009, with improvement compared to the first quarter of 2009 primarily due to lower raw material costs, sales of CO2 emissions allowances and efficiencies resulting from consolidating European raw steel production to U. S. Steel Košice in early April. These items are expected to be partially offset by lower average realized prices. Shipments should be in line with the first quarter level.
We expect an operating loss for Tubular in the second quarter of 2009 due to a continuing decrease in shipments and lower average realized prices as compared to the first quarter of 2009, reflecting lower oil and gas exploration and the surge of unfairly traded and subsidized product from China.
This outlook contains forward-looking statements with respect to market conditions, operating costs, shipments and prices. U. S. Steel has been, and we expect will continue to be, negatively impacted by the current global credit and economic problems. U. S. Steel cannot control or predict the extent and timing of economic recovery. When a recovery occurs, U. S. Steel will incur costs related to the restart of idled facilities, but we cannot accurately forecast the amount of such costs. Other more normal factors that could affect market conditions, costs, shipments and prices for both North American
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operations and 榴莲视频E include, among others, global product demand, prices and mix; global and company steel production levels; plant operating performance; the timing and completion of facility projects; natural gas and electricity prices and usage; raw materials and transportation prices and availability; international trade developments; the impact of fixed prices in energy and raw materials contracts (many of which have terms of one year or longer) as compared to short-term contract and spot prices of steel products; changes in environmental, tax, pension and other laws; the terms of collective bargaining agreements; employee strikes or other labor issues; power outages; and U.S. and global economic performance and political developments. Domestic steel shipments and prices could be affected by import levels and actions taken by the U.S. Government and its agencies. Economic conditions and political factors in Europe and Canada that may affect 榴莲视频E’s and 榴莲视频C’s results include, but are not limited to, taxation, nationalization, inflation, currency fluctuations, government instability, political unrest, regulatory changes, export quotas, tariffs, and other protectionist measures. In accordance with “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, cautionary statements identifying important factors, but not necessarily all factors, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements have been included in the Form 10-K of U. S. Steel for the year ended December 31, 2008, and in subsequent filings for U. S. Steel.
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
On April 8, 2009, 榴莲视频, Maverick Tube Corporation, TMK Ipsco, V&M Star L.P., Evraz S.A., Rocky Mountain Steel, Inc., Wheatland Tube Company and the United Steelworkers filed anti-dumping and countervailing duty (subsidy) petitions regarding certain oil country tubular goods from China. The petitions were filed in response to an unprecedented surge of imports from China, increasing from 725,000 net tons in 2006 to 2.2 million net tons in 2008.
Once the case is initiated by the U.S. Dept of Commerce (DOC), the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) will decide whether there is a reasonable indication that subject imports caused or threaten material injury. This determination will likely be made around May 26, 2009. If the ITC’s preliminary determination is affirmative, the DOC will make preliminary determinations with regard to the extent of unfair pricing and subsidies later this year. The DOC and ITC are then required to make final determinations regarding unfair trade and injury, respectively, which is expected to occur sometime early next year.
In April of 2008, U. S. Steel, along with Maverick Tube Corporation, Tex-Tube Company and the United Steelworkers filed anti-dumping and countervailing duty petitions for welded line pipe up to and including 16 inches against China, and antidumping petitions against Korea. Korea was dropped from the case. On Dec 22, 2008, the ITC ruled affirmatively that the U.S. industry is materially injured or threatened with material injury by reason of subsidized imports of welded line pipe from China. On April 23, 2009, the ITC ruled affirmatively that the U.S. industry is materially injured or is threatened with material injury by reason of dumped imports of welded line pipe from China.
ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
It is expected that the “Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification” (the Codification) will be effective on July 1, 2009, officially becoming the single source of authoritative nongovernmental U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), superseding existing FASB, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF), and related accounting literature. After that date, only one level of authoritative GAAP will exist. All other accounting literature will be considered non-authoritative. The Codification reorganizes the thousands of GAAP pronouncements into roughly 90 accounting topics and displays them using a consistent structure. Also included in the Codification is relevant Securities and Exchange Commission
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(SEC) guidance organized using the same topical structure in separate sections within the Codification. This will have an impact to our financial statements since all references to authoritative accounting literature will be references in accordance with the Codification.
On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. 107-1 and APB 28-1 (FSP 107-1 and APB 28-1), “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments.” This FSP requires disclosures of fair value for any financial instruments not currently reflected at fair value on the balance sheet for all interim periods. This FSP is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009 and should be applied prospectively. U. S. Steel does not expect any material financial statement implications relating to the adoption of this FSP.
On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. 115-2 and Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 124-2 (FSP No. 115-2 and FAS 124-2), “Recognition and Presentation of Other Than Temporary Impairments.” This FSP is intended to bring greater consistency to the timing of impairment recognition, and provide greater clarity to investors about the credit and noncredit components of impaired debt securities that are not expected to be sold. This FSP also requires increased and more timely disclosures regarding expected cash flows, credit losses, and an aging of securities with unrealized losses. This FSP is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009 and should be applied prospectively. U. S. Steel does not expect any material financial statement implications relating to the adoption of this FSP.
In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 132(R)-1, “Employers’ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets,” (FSP No. 132(R)-1). FSP No. 132(R)-1 amend FAS No. 132 to provide guidance on an employer’s disclosures about plan assets of a defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. The additional required disclosures focus on fair value by category of plan assets. This FSP is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2009. We do not expect a material impact on our financial statements when these additional disclosure provisions are adopted.
In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 140-4 and FASB Interpretation No. (FIN) 46(R)-8, “Disclosures by Public Entities (Enterprises) about Transfers of Financial Assets and Interests in Variable Interest Entities,” (FSP No. 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8). FSP No. 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8 amends FAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities,” and FIN 46 (revised December 2003) (FIN 46(R)), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” to provide additional disclosures about transfers of financial assets and involvement with variable interest entities. This FSP is effective for the first reporting period after December 15, 2008. The effect of adopting this FSP was immaterial to our financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued FAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations” (FAS 141(R)), which replaces FAS No. 141. FAS 141(R) requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction, establishes the acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed and requires the acquirer to disclose certain information related to the nature and financial effect of the business combination. FAS 141(R) also establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired in a business combination. FAS 141(R) was effective on a prospective basis for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009. For any business combination that takes place subsequent to January 1, 2009, FAS 141(R) may have a material impact on our financial statements. The nature and extent of any such impact will depend upon the terms and conditions of the transaction. FAS 141(R) also amends FAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” such that adjustments made to deferred taxes and acquired tax contingencies after January 1, 2009, even for business combinations completed before this date, will impact net income. This provision of FAS 141(R) may have a material impact on our financial statements (see Note 10 and the discussion of deferred taxes for 榴莲视频C in
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Note 10 to the Financial Statements). On April 1, 2009 the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 141(R)-1, “Accounting for Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in a Business Combination that Arise from Contingencies,” (FSP No. 141(R)-1). FSP No. 141(R)-1 amends and clarifies FAS No. 141(R) to address application issues on initial recognition and measurement, subsequent measurement and accounting, and disclosure of assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in a business combination. This FSP is effective for assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009. U. S. Steel does not expect any material financial statement implications relating to the adoption of this FSP.
In December 2007, the FASB issued FAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51” (FAS 160). FAS 160 requires all entities to report noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries (formerly known as minority interests) as a separate component of equity in the consolidated statement of financial position, to clearly identify consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest on the face of the consolidated statement of income, and to provide sufficient disclosure that clearly identifies and distinguishes between the interest of the parent and the interests of noncontrolling owners. FAS 160 also establishes accounting and reporting standards for changes in a parent’s ownership interest and the valuation of retained noncontrolling equity investments when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. FAS 160 was effective as of January 1, 2009. The effect of adopting this Statement was immaterial to our financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued FAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (FAS 157). FAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. FAS 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements and, accordingly, does not require any new fair value measurements. FAS 157 was initially effective as of January 1, 2008, but in February 2008, the FASB delayed the effective date for applying this standard to nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a nonrecurring basis until periods beginning after November 15, 2008. We adopted FAS 157 as of January 1, 2008 for assets and liabilities within its scope and the impact was immaterial to our financial statements. As of January 1, 2009, nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, were also required to be measured at fair value. The adoption of these additional provisions did not have a material impact on our financial statements. On October 10, 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 157-3 (FSP No. 157-3), “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset is Not Active.” FSP No. 157-3 clarifies the application of FAS 157 in a market that is not active and provides factors to take into consideration when determining the fair value of an asset in an inactive market. FSP No. 157-3 was effective upon issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements have not been issued. This FSP did not have a material impact on our financial statements. On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS No. 157-4 (FSP No. 157-4), “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly.” This FSP relates to determining fair values when there is no active market or where the price inputs being used represent distressed sales. Specifically, it reaffirms the need to use judgment to ascertain if a formerly active market has become inactive and in determining fair values when markets have become inactive. This FSP is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009 and should be applied prospectively. U. S. Steel does not expect any material financial statement implications relating to the adoption of this FSP.
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Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE RISK
Volatility in the foreign currency markets could have significant implications for U. S. Steel as a result of foreign currency accounting remeasurement effects, primarily on a U.S. dollar-denominated intercompany loan (the Intercompany Loan) to a European subsidiary, related to the acquisition of 榴莲视频C. As of March 31, 2009, the outstanding balance on the Intercompany Loan was $820 million. Our exposure will decrease as the Intercompany Loan is repaid. Subsequent to December 31, 2007, we increased our use of euro-U.S. dollar derivatives, which mitigates our currency exposure resulting from the Intercompany Loan, as well as other exposures. For additional information on U. S. Steel’s foreign currency exchange activity, see Note 13 to the Financial Statements.
U. S. Steel, through 榴莲视频E and 榴莲视频C, is subject to the risk of price fluctuations due to the effects of exchange rates on revenues and operating costs, firm commitments for capital expenditures and existing assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, particularly the euro, the Serbian dinar and the Canadian dollar. U. S. Steel historically has made limited use of forward currency contracts to manage exposure to certain currency price fluctuations. U. S. Steel has not elected to use hedge accounting for these contracts. At March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel had open euro forward sales contracts for U.S. dollars (total notional value of approximately $260 million). A 10 percent increase in the March 31, 2009 euro forward rates would result in a $25 million charge to income.
The fair value of our derivatives is determined using Level 2 inputs, which are defined as “significant other observable” inputs. The inputs used include quotes from counterparties that are corroborated with market sources.
Future foreign currency impacts will depend upon changes in currencies, the extent to which we engage in derivatives transactions and repayments of the Intercompany Loan. The amount and timing of such repayments will depend upon profits and cash flows of our international operations, future international investments and financing activities, all of which will be impacted by market conditions, operating costs, shipments, prices and foreign exchange rates.
COMMODITY PRICE RISK AND RELATED RISK
In the normal course of our business, U. S. Steel is exposed to market risk or price fluctuations related to the purchase, production or sale of steel products. U. S. Steel is also exposed to price risk related to the purchase, production or sale of coal, coke, natural gas, steel scrap, iron ore, and zinc, tin and other nonferrous metals used as raw materials.
U. S. Steel’s market risk strategy has generally been to obtain competitive prices for our products and services and allow operating results to reflect market price movements dictated by supply and demand; however, U. S. Steel has made forward physical purchases to manage exposure to fluctuations in the purchase of natural gas and certain non-ferrous metals.
Historically, the forward physical purchase contracts for natural gas and nonferrous metals have qualified for the normal purchases and normal sales exemption under FAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” and have therefore not required derivative accounting. Due to reduced natural gas consumption, we have begun to net settle some of the excess natural gas purchase contracts. Therefore, some of these contracts for natural gas no longer meet the exemption criteria and are therefore subject to mark-to-market accounting. As of March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel held commodity contracts for natural gas with a total notional value of approximately $97 million that are
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subject to mark-to-market accounting. A 10 percent decrease in natural gas prices for open derivative instruments as of March 31, 2009, would not result in a material charge to income.
U. S. Steel also held commodity contracts for natural gas that qualified for the normal purchases and normal sales exemption with a total notional value of approximately $116 million at March 31, 2009. Total commodity contracts for natural gas represent approximately 39 percent of our North American natural gas requirements.
The fair value of our natural gas derivatives is determined using Level 2 inputs. The inputs used include forward prices derived from the New York Mercantile Exchange.
INTEREST RATE RISK
U. S. Steel is subject to the effects of interest rate fluctuations on certain of its non-derivative financial instruments. A sensitivity analysis of the projected incremental effect of a hypothetical 10 percent increase/decrease in March 31, 2009 interest rates on the fair value of U. S. Steel’s non-derivative financial assets/liabilities is provided in the following table:
(Dollars in millions) | Fair Value |
Incremental Increase in Fair Value (b) | ||||
Non-Derivative Financial Instruments (a) |
||||||
Financial assets: |
||||||
Investments and long-term receivables |
$ | 21 | $ | - | ||
Financial liabilities: |
||||||
Long-term debt (c) (d) |
$ | 2,475 | $ | 104 |
(a) |
Fair values of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, notes payable, accounts payable and accrued interest approximate carrying value and are relatively insensitive to changes in interest rates due to the short-term maturity of the instruments. Accordingly, these instruments are excluded from the table. |
(b) |
Reflects the estimated incremental effect of a hypothetical 10 percent increase/decrease in interest rates at March 31, 2009, on the fair value of U. S. Steel’s financial instruments. For financial liabilities, this assumed a 10 percent decrease in the weighted average yield to maturity of U. S. Steel’s long-term debt at March 31, 2009. |
(c) |
Includes amounts due within one year and excludes capital leases. |
(d) |
Fair value was based on the yield on our public debt where available or current borrowing rates available for financings with similar terms and maturities. |
U. S. Steel’s sensitivity to interest rate declines and corresponding increases in the fair value of our debt portfolio would unfavorably affect our results and cash flows only to the extent that we elected to repurchase or otherwise retire all or a portion of our fixed-rate debt portfolio at prices above carrying value. At March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel’s portfolio of debt included $655 million of floating rate term loans and €200 million of borrowing under a floating rate revolving credit facility, the fair value of which are not affected by interest rate declines.
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Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
U. S. Steel has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2009. These disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures that were designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that are filed with or submitted to the SEC is: (1) accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures and (2) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in applicable law and regulations. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
There have not been any changes in U. S. Steel’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report, which have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, U. S. Steel’s internal control over financial reporting.
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GENERAL LITIGATION
In March 2008, the Indiana Court of Appeals reversed a previous decision of the Indiana Utilities Regulatory Commission involving a rate escalation provision in U. S. Steel’s electric power supply contract with Northern Indiana Public Service Company and a reserve of $45 million related to prior year effects was established in the first quarter of 2008. In September 2008, the Indiana Supreme Court granted U. S. Steel’s petition to transfer the matter to the Supreme Court where the merits of the case were argued in November 2008. We are awaiting a decision.
In a series of lawsuits filed in federal court in the Northern District of Illinois beginning September 12, 2008, individual direct or indirect buyers of steel products have asserted that eight steel manufacturers, including U. S. Steel, conspired in violation of antitrust laws to restrict the domestic production of raw steel and thereby to fix, raise, maintain or stabilize the price of steel products in the United States. The cases are filed as class actions and claim treble damages for the period 2005 to present, but do not allege any damage amounts. U. S. Steel will vigorously defend these lawsuits and does not believe that it has any liability regarding these matters.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEEDINGS
Gary Works
On January 26, 1998, pursuant to an action filed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Indiana titled United States of America v. USX, U. S. Steel entered into a consent decree with EPA which resolved alleged violations of the Clean Water Act National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit at Gary Works and provides for a sediment remediation project for a section of the Grand Calumet River that runs through Gary Works. As of March 31, 2009, project costs have amounted to $61.0 million. U. S. Steel completed additional dredging in 2007, and submitted a Dredge Completion Report to EPA in May 2008. Although further dredging is not expected, $1.1 million is accrued for possible additional work that may be required to complete the project and obtain EPA approval. The Corrective Action Management Unit (CAMU) which received dredged materials from the Grand Calumet River could be used for containment of approved material from other corrective measures conducted at Gary Works pursuant to the Administrative Order on Consent for corrective action. CAMU maintenance and wastewater treatment costs are anticipated to be an additional $1.2 million through December 2011. In 1998, U. S. Steel also entered into a consent decree with the public trustees, which resolves liability for natural resource damages on the same section of the Grand Calumet River. U. S. Steel, following EPA approval of the Dredge Completion Report, will pay the public trustees $1.0 million for ecological monitoring costs. In addition, U. S. Steel is obligated to perform, and has initiated, ecological restoration in this section of the Grand Calumet River. The costs required to complete the ecological restoration work are estimated to be $885,000. In total, the accrued liability for the above projects based on the estimated remaining costs was $4.3 million at March 31, 2009.
At Gary Works, U. S. Steel has agreed to close three hazardous waste disposal sites: D5, along with an adjacent solid waste disposal unit, Terminal Treatment Plant (TTP) Area; T2; and D2 combined with a portion of the Refuse Area, where a solid waste disposal unit overlaps with the hazardous waste disposal unit. The sites are located on plant property. U. S. Steel has submitted a closure plan to the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) for D2 and the known tar areas of the Refuse Area. U. S. Steel has proposed that the remainder of the Refuse Area be addressed as a Solid
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Waste Management Unit (SWMU) under corrective action. In addition, U. S. Steel has submitted a revised closure plan for T2 and separate closure plans for D5 and the TTP Area. The related accrued liability for estimated costs to close each of the hazardous waste sites and perform groundwater monitoring is $5.9 million for D5 and TTP, $3.6 million for T2 and $10.8 million for D2 including a portion of the Refuse Area, as of March 31, 2009.
On October 23, 1998, EPA issued a final Administrative Order on Consent addressing Corrective Action for SWMUs throughout Gary Works. This order requires U. S. Steel to perform a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Facility Investigation (RFI), a Corrective Measure Study (CMS) and Corrective Measure Implementation at Gary Works. Reports of field investigation findings for Phase I work plans have been submitted to EPA. Four self-implementing interim measures have been completed. Through March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel had spent approximately $27.0 million for the studies, work plans, field investigations and self-implementing interim measures. U. S. Steel has submitted a proposal to EPA seeking approval for a perimeter groundwater monitoring plan and is developing a proposal for a corrective measure to address impacted sediments in the West Grand Calumet Lagoon. In addition, U. S. Steel is developing a sampling and analysis plan for the Solid Waste Management Areas east of the Vessel Slip Turning Basin, has submitted a Self-Implementing Stabilization Measure proposal for the design of a full scale groundwater treatment system to address benzene impacted groundwater east of the vessel slip, and continues to operate a seasonal groundwater treatment system for the coke plant. The costs for the above mentioned activities are estimated to be $16.3 million. U. S. Steel has submitted a proposal to EPA seeking approval to implement corrective measures necessary to address soil contamination at Gary Works. U. S. Steel estimates the minimum cost of the corrective measures for soil contamination to be approximately $3.5 million. Closure costs for the CAMU are estimated to be an additional $6.1 million. Until the remaining Phase I work and Phase II field investigations are completed, it is impossible to assess what additional expenditures will be necessary for Corrective Action projects at Gary Works. In total, the accrued liability for the above projects was $25.9 million as of March 31, 2009, based on the estimated remaining costs.
In October 1996, U. S. Steel was notified by IDEM, acting as lead trustee, that IDEM and the U.S. Department of the Interior had concluded a preliminary investigation of potential injuries to natural resources related to releases of hazardous substances from various municipal and industrial sources along the east branch of the Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor Canal. U. S. Steel agreed to pay to the public trustees $20.5 million over a five-year period for restoration costs, plus $1.0 million in assessment costs. A Consent Decree memorializing this settlement was entered on the record by the court and thereafter became effective April 1, 2005. U. S. Steel has paid our entire share of the assessment costs and $16.5 million of our share of the restoration costs to the public trustees. A balance of $4.0 million required to complete our settlement obligations remained as an accrued liability as of March 31, 2009.
On November 26, 2007, IDEM issued a Notice of Violation (NOV) alleging three pushing violations and one door violation on the No. 2 Battery that were to have occurred on July 11, 2007. On December 20, 2007, IDEM made a verbal penalty demand of $123,000 to resolve these alleged violations. U. S. Steel provided written responses to the NOVs. Negotiations regarding these NOVs are ongoing.
On October 3, 2007, November 26, 2007, March 2, 2008 and March 18, 2008, IDEM issued NOVs alleging opacity limitation violations from the coke plant and Blast Furnaces Nos. 4 and 8. To date, no penalty demand has been made by IDEM regarding these NOVs. U. S. Steel is currently negotiating resolution of these NOVs with IDEM.
On July 3, 2008, EPA Region V issued a Notice of Violation/Finding of Violation (NOV/FOV) alleging violations resulting from a multi-media inspection conducted in May 2007 and subsequent information
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collection requests pursuant to Section 114 of the Clean Air Act. These alleged violations include those currently being prosecuted by IDEM that are identified above. Other alleged violations include the reline of No. 4 Blast Furnace in 1990 without a New Source Review/Prevention of Significant Deterioration permit, and opacity limit excursions from hot iron transfer cars, slag skimming, slag pits, and the blast furnace casting house. The NOV/FOV also alleges violations relating to hydrochloric acid pickling, blast furnace relief valves and blast furnace flares. While a penalty demand is expected, EPA Region V has not yet made such a demand. Since issuing the NOV/FOV, EPA Region V has issued additional Section 114 information requests to Gary Works. U. S. Steel has responded to the requests and is currently negotiating resolution of the NOV/FOV and other request issues with EPA Region V and IDEM.
On February 18, 2009, Gary Works received a letter from IDEM alleging that Gary Works was culpable for an ambient air quality exceedance for PM10 at the IITRI Monitoring Site. U. S. Steel responded to the letter on March 13, 2009. U. S. Steel is meeting with IDEM on April 28, 2009 to resolve the issue. If Gary Works is determined to be culpable, U. S. Steel may be required to install and maintain two additional on-site PM10 monitoring stations per the December 2006 Air Agreed Order.
Mon Valley Works
On March 17, 2008, U. S. Steel entered a Consent Order and Agreement (COA) with the Allegheny County Health Department (ACHD) to resolve alleged opacity limitation and pushing and traveling violations from older coke oven batteries at its Clairton Plant and to resolve alleged opacity violations from its Edgar Thomson Plant. The COA required U. S. Steel to pay a civil penalty of $301,800 to resolve past alleged violations addressed by the COA. U. S. Steel paid the civil penalty on March 25, 2008. The COA requires U. S. Steel to conduct interim repairs on existing batteries, and make improvements at the Ladle Metallurgical Facility and Steelmaking Shop at the Edgar Thomson Plant. In November 2007, U. S. Steel announced that it was considering plans to upgrade the Clairton Plant. In early April 2009, in response to current economic conditions, we delayed indefinitely this planned modernization. These upgrades were being conducted in two phases and address the alleged violations and improve coking performance. The first phase was under construction and includes replacing Batteries 7 through 9 with a new six meter “C” Battery that employs Best Available Control Technology (BACT); and the second phase, which has not yet begun, would include replacing Batteries 1 though 3 with a new six meter “D” Battery, that would also employ BACT. In addition, U. S. Steel was upgrading its existing Batteries 19 and 20. U. S. Steel estimates that these investments will exceed $1.0 billion. U. S. Steel is also making upgrades at its Edgar Thomson Plant that would reduce emissions. In January 2008, U. S. Steel submitted an installation air permit application for “C” Battery. The final installation air permit for “C” Battery was issued by ACHD on July 24, 2008. U. S. Steel submitted an installation air permit application for “D” Battery in July 2008. In response to economic conditions, Clairton coke batteries B, 13, 14 and 15 have been temporarily idled, while batteries 7, 8, and 9 have been permanently idled.
Midwest Plant
A former disposal area located on the east side of the Midwest Plant was designated a SWMU (East Side SWMU) by IDEM before U. S. Steel acquired this plant from National Steel Corporation. After the acquisition, U. S. Steel conducted further investigations of the East Side SWMU. As a result, U. S. Steel has submitted a Closure Plan to IDEM recommending consolidation and “in-place” closure of the East Side SWMU. The cost to close the East Side SWMU is expected to be $4.0 million and was recorded as an accrued liability as of March 31, 2009.
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Fairless Plant
In January 1992, U. S. Steel commenced negotiations with EPA regarding the terms of an Administrative Order on consent, pursuant to RCRA, under which U. S. Steel would perform an RFI and a CMS at our Fairless Plant. A Phase I RFI report was submitted during the third quarter of 1997. A Phase II/III RFI will be submitted following EPA approval of the Phase I report. While the RFI/CMS will determine whether there is a need for, and the scope of, any remedial activities at the Fairless Plant, U. S. Steel continues to maintain interim measures at the Fairless Plant and has completed investigation activities on specific parcels. No remedial activities are contemplated as a result of the investigations of these parcels. The cost to U. S. Steel to continue to maintain the interim measures and develop a Phase II/III RFI Work Plan is estimated to be $767,000. It is reasonably possible that additional costs of as much as $40 to $70 million may be incurred at this site in combination with five other projects. See Note 21 to the Financial Statements “Contingencies and Commitments – Environmental Matters – Remediation Projects – Projects with Ongoing Study and Scope Development.”
Fairfield Works
A consent decree was signed by U. S. Steel, EPA and the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and filed with the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama (United States of America v. USX Corporation) on December 11, 1997, under which U. S. Steel paid a civil penalty of $1.0 million, completed two supplemental environmental projects at a cost of $1.75 million and initiated a RCRA corrective action program at the facility. The Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) assumed primary responsibility for regulation and oversight of the RCRA corrective action program at Fairfield Works, with the approval of EPA. The first Phase of RCRA corrective action was completed and approved by ADEM in 2006. ADEM is currently reviewing the Phase II RFI work plan. The remaining cost to develop and implement the Phase II RFI work plan is estimated to be $585,000. U. S. Steel has completed the investigation and remediation of Lower Opossum Creek under a joint agreement with Beazer, Inc., whereby U. S. Steel has agreed to pay 30 percent of the costs. U. S. Steel’s remaining share of the costs for sediment remediation is $210,000. In 2006, U. S. Steel completed the remediation of Upper Opossum Creek at a cost of $2.95 million, with a remaining contingency of $18,000. In January 1999, ADEM included the former Ensley facility site in Fairfield Corrective Action. Based on results from our Phase I facility investigation of Ensley, U. S. Steel identified approximately two acres of land at the former coke plant for remediation. As of March 31, 2009, costs to complete the remediation of this area have amounted to $1.3 million. An additional $50,000 is accrued for project contingencies. An additional $65,000 is accrued for contiguous properties. In total, the accrued liability for the projects described above was $928,000 as of March 31, 2009, based on estimated remaining costs. It is reasonably possible that additional costs of as much as $40 to $70 million may be incurred at this site in combination with five other projects. See Note 21 to the Financial Statements “Contingencies and Commitments – Environmental Matters – Remediation Projects – Projects with Ongoing Study and Scope Development.”
Lorain Tubular Operations
In September 2006, U. S. Steel received a letter from the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (Ohio EPA) inviting U. S. Steel to enter into discussions about RCRA Corrective Action at Lorain Tubular Operations. On December 15, 2006, U. S. Steel received a letter from Ohio EPA that requires U. S. Steel to complete an evaluation of human exposure and update the previous RCRA preliminary site assessment. As of March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel has spent $97,000 on studies at this site. Costs to complete additional studies are estimated to be $338,000. It is reasonably possible that additional costs of as much as $40 to $70 million may be incurred at this site in combination with five other projects. See Note 21 to the Financial Statements “Contingencies and Commitments – Environmental Matters – Remediation Projects – Projects with Ongoing Study and Scope Development.”
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Great Lakes Works
On January 6, 2006, Great Lakes Works received a proposed administrative consent order from the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) that alleged violations of NPDES permits at the facility. On February 13, 2007, MDEQ and U. S. Steel agreed to a revised Administrative Consent Order that resolves this matter. As required by the Administrative Consent Order, U. S. Steel has paid a civil penalty of $300,000 and has reimbursed MDEQ $50,000 in costs. The Order identifies certain compliance actions that address the alleged violations. U. S. Steel has completed work on most of these compliance actions, and has initiated work on the others. One of the compliance actions addresses three river basins along the Detroit River and U. S. Steel has completed the corrective measure necessary to remove historical basin sediments from these areas. As of December 31, 2007, $1.8 million had been spent on the project. In addition, $661,000 was accrued for possible additional requirements to obtain MDEQ approval. Another compliance action includes modifications to the Cold Mill Wastewater Treatment Plant where U. S. Steel has agreed to rehabilitate four clarifiers and two wastewater conveyance pipelines, upgrade the computer control system and evaluate other potential improvements of this system. The vast majority of the elements of this project have been completed at a cost of $8.6 million and U. S. Steel anticipates spending an additional $1.9 million, most of which will be capitalized. Costs to complete the few remaining compliance actions are presently not determinable.
EPA Region V has conducted inspections and issued information and emission testing requests under Section 114 of the Clean Air Act regarding operations at Great Lakes Works. U. S. Steel has responded to the requests, continues to respond to the requests and has held discussions with EPA Region V and MDEQ regarding the requests and the regulatory agencies’ concerns. Further discussions are planned later in 2009.
Granite City Works
Granite City Works received two NOVs, dated February 20, 2004 and March 25, 2004, for air violations at the coke batteries, the blast furnace and the steel shop. All of the issues have been resolved except for an issue relating to air emissions that occurs when coke is pushed out of the ovens, for which a compliance plan has been submitted to the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA). IEPA referred the two NOVs to the Illinois Attorney General’s Office for enforcement. On September 14, 2005, the Illinois Attorney General filed a complaint in the Madison County Circuit Court, titled People of the State of Illinois ex. rel. Lisa Madigan vs. 榴莲视频, which included the issues raised in the two NOVs. In December 2006, IEPA added to its complaint by adding a release of coke oven gas in February 2006. In October 2007, the Court entered a Second Supplemental Complaint in which IEPA added alleged violations regarding excessive opacity emissions from the blast furnace, and incorrect sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission factors regarding blast furnace gas emissions. On December 18, 2007, U. S. Steel entered into a Consent Order with the Illinois Attorney General and IEPA that resolved the Complaint, as supplemented. The Order required that U. S. Steel: (1) pay a penalty of $300,000, which U. S. Steel paid on January 10, 2008; (2) demonstrate compliance with Coke Oven Pushing Operations in accordance with the compliance schedule provided in the Order; (3) comply with the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) opacity emissions in accordance with the schedule provided in the Order; and (4) submit to IEPA a revised permit application with the correct SO2 emission factors, which U. S. Steel submitted in January 2008. On March 31, 2008, U. S. Steel submitted a revised BOF Compliance Schedule and requested to modify the Order consistent with the revised BOF Compliance Schedule. U. S. Steel is currently negotiating with IEPA and the Illinois Attorney General as to what upgrades at the BOF will precede the compliance demonstration. Therefore, the compliance demonstration deadline for the BOF is indefinitely postponed by agreement of the parties.
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EPA Region V has conducted inspections and issued information and emission testing requests under Section 114 of the Clean Air Act regarding operations at Granite City Works. U. S. Steel has responded to the requests, continues to respond to the requests and has held discussions with EPA Region V and MDEQ regarding the requests and the regulatory agencies’ concerns. Further discussions are planned later in 2009.
At Granite City Works, U. S. Steel and Gateway Energy & Coke Company, LLC (Gateway), a subsidiary of SunCoke Energy, Inc., have agreed with two environmental advocacy groups to establish an Environmental Trust Fund (Trust), which requires the permittees (U. S. Steel and Gateway) to collectively deposit $1.0 million by September 30th of each year, beginning September 30, 2008 and ending September 30, 2012. U. S. Steel contributed $500,000 to the Trust on September 30, 2008, which amounted to its share of the required 2008 deposit. As grantors, U. S. Steel and Gateway have established the Trust as a part of the cost to construct a heat recovery coke plant adjacent to Granite City Works. The capital contribution and all net income of the Trust are to be used for the purposes of promoting energy efficiency, greenhouse gas reductions and PM2.5 emission reduction, to be implemented in the local community where Granite City Works is located. The Trust can be used for projects at public buildings or property owned by the city, local schools, parks and library districts.
On February 2, 2009, Granite City Works received an NOV from IEPA alleging approximately 16 separate violations. Specifically, IEPA alleged that Granite City Works: inappropriately charged a battery while off the collecting mains because of (1) damaged coke guides on one occasion and (2) derailment of the pushing control system on two occasions; failed to perform some monthly and quarterly inspections required by Iron & Steel Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) standards or Coke MACT standards; failed to initiate repairs within 30 days after recording that the baffles on the quench tower were damaged on the monthly inspection report; failed to adequately wash the baffles on the quench tower per the MACT standard; inappropriately used the emergency pour station at the BOP during routine, non-emergency maintenance; failed to sufficiently apply a wetting agent to the slag from BF-A to minimize fugitive emissions while loading trucks; and, failed to update and properly implement its Fugitive Dust Program. U. S. Steel provided a written response to EPA on March 18, 2009 and is meeting with IEPA on April 8 to resolve the issues identified in the NOV. U. S. Steel is to supplement its response by April 29th. IEPA has not made any penalty demand to date.
On March 17, 2009, Granite City Works received an NOV from IEPA alleging; door leaks from B Battery; volatile organic compounds from pressure relief valves from gas blanketing tank; coke by products process unit and information (lacking); failure to report retagging project for benzene in service equipment; and, failure to maintain records for benzene in service equipment repairs. U. S. Steel is currently drafting a response that is due on May 8, 2009. IEPA has not made a penalty demand to date.
In late January, Granite City Works advised U. S. Steel Law and Environmental Affairs that it exceeded its natural gas usage and corresponding emission limits for 2008 at designated combustion units, including boilers and ladle drying. To satisfy air permit requirements, Law drafted a notification letter to IEPA that was submitted to IEPA by the Granite City Works general manager on January 30, 2009. Per U. S. Steel’s January 30, 2009 correspondence, U. S. Steel provided a Compliance Plan regarding fuel use and fuel balance to IEPA on February 28, 2009. Granite City Works, Environmental Affairs, and Law continue to investigate the issue and determined that the limits were also exceeded in 2006 and 2007. Follow-up correspondence and notification letters for 2006 and 2007 to IEPA are being developed. IEPA has not responded to the self-reported violations or made any penalty demand.
Geneva Works
At U. S. Steel’s former Geneva Works, liability for environmental remediation, including the closure of three hazardous waste impoundments and facility-wide corrective action, has been allocated between
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U. S. Steel and the current property owner pursuant to an asset sales agreement and a permit issued by the Utah Department of Environmental Quality. U. S. Steel has reviewed environmental data concerning the site gathered by itself and third parties, developed work plans, initiated remedial measures on certain areas of the site, completed remediation on others, and continues to conduct field investigations. U. S. Steel has recorded a liability of $18.1 million as of March 31, 2009, for our estimated share of the remaining costs of remediation. In addition, U. S. Steel anticipates that corrective measures to address the existing tar pond could add significant costs to this project that are presently not determinable. As a result, it is reasonably possible that additional costs of as much as $40 to $70 million may be incurred at this site in combination with five other projects. See Note 21 to the Financial Statements “Contingencies and Commitments – Environmental Matters – Remediation Projects – Projects with Ongoing Study and Scope Development.”
榴莲视频-POSCO Industries (UPI)
At UPI, a joint venture between subsidiaries of U. S. Steel and POSCO, corrective measures have been implemented for the majority of the former SWMUs and U. S. Steel is investigating a remedy for impacted ground water at the former wire mill. U. S. Steel is also in discussions with the California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) about whether or not additional corrective measures may be required at three remaining SWMUs within the facility. Arsenic impacted soils have been delineated at two of the SWMUs. While it is likely that corrective measures will be required at one or more of these SWMUs, it is not possible at this time to define a scope or estimate costs for what may be required by DTSC. It is reasonably possible that additional costs of as much as $40 to $70 million may be incurred at this site in combination with five other projects. See Note 21 to the Financial Statements “Contingencies and Commitments – Environmental Matters – Remediation Projects – Projects with Ongoing Study and Scope Development.”
Other
On December 20, 2002, U. S. Steel received a letter from the Kansas Department of Health & Environment (KDHE) requesting U. S. Steel’s cooperation in cleaning up the National Zinc site located in Cherryvale, Kansas, a former zinc smelter operated by Edgar Zinc from 1898 to 1931. In April 2003, U. S. Steel and Salomon Smith Barney Holdings, Inc. (SSB) entered into a consent order to conduct an investigation and develop remediation alternatives. In 2004, a remedial action design report was submitted to and approved by KDHE. Implementation of the preferred remedy was essentially completed in late 2007. The respondents are finalizing the Removal Action Summary report by addressing some minor site maintenance issues, deed restrictions and operating and maintenance plans for approval by KDHE. On December 12, 2008, U. S. Steel and SSB entered into a Consent Decree with DOJ to settle the past costs claim for this amount. On January 8, 2009, DOJ lodged the Consent Decree with the Court for approval. On March 11, 2009, the U.S. District Court of Kansas entered a Consent Decree to settle DOJ’s claim for past costs of $1.0 million against U. S. Steel and SSB (now called Citigroup Global Market Holdings, Inc.). On March 31, 2009, the companies complied with the Consent Decree by each paying $502,400 (Superfund Interest included) to the DOJ.
On January 23, 2006, the KDHE sent a letter to U. S. Steel requesting that U. S. Steel address a former zinc smelter site in Girard, Kansas that was leased by American Sheet Steel Company in 1900. U. S. Steel is preparing a Corrective Action Study that will include a proposed remedial measure for impacted soils at this site. The costs to implement this measure are estimated to be $1.1 million. In addition, U. S. Steel will incur additional costs to purchase this residential property. U. S. Steel has accrued a total of $1.3 million to complete the investigation, conduct the remedial measure and purchase the property for these purposes.
In January of 2004, U. S. Steel received notice of a claim from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) and notice of claims from citizens of a cap failure at the Dayton Landfill.
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U. S. Steel, Lubrizol and ExxonMobil are the largest PRPs at the site and have agreed to equally share costs for investigating the site, making U. S. Steel’s share 33 1/3 percent. On December 10, 2008, TCEQ approved the Affected Properties Assessment Report. The Revised Screening Level Ecological Risk Assessment report was approved by TCEQ in mid-October 2008. The accrued liability to complete U. S. Steel’s one-third portion of the site investigations and implement the remedial measure was $1.9 million as of March 31, 2009.
ASBESTOS LITIGATION
As of March 31, 2009, U. S. Steel was a defendant in approximately 425 active cases involving approximately 3,025 plaintiffs (claims). At December 31, 2008, U. S. Steel was a defendant in approximately 450 active cases involving approximately 3,050 plaintiffs.
Approximately 2,600, or about 86 percent, of these claims are currently pending in jurisdictions which permit filings with massive numbers of plaintiffs. Of these claims, about 1,550 are pending in Mississippi and about 1,050 are pending in Texas. Based upon U. S. Steel’s experience in such cases, it believes that the actual number of plaintiffs who ultimately assert claims against U. S. Steel will likely be a small fraction of the total number of plaintiffs. Mississippi and Texas have amended their laws to curtail mass filings. As a consequence, most of the claims filed in 2009, 2008 and 2007 involve individual or small groups of claimants.
Historically, these claims against U. S. Steel fall into three major groups: (1) claims made by persons who allegedly were exposed to asbestos at U. S. Steel facilities (referred to as “premises claims”); (2) claims made by industrial workers allegedly exposed to products formerly manufactured by U. S. Steel; and (3) claims made under certain federal and general maritime laws by employees of former operations of U. S. Steel. In general, the only insurance available to U. S. Steel with respect to asbestos claims is excess casualty insurance, which has multi-million dollar self-insured retentions. To date, U. S. Steel has received minimal payments under these policies relating to asbestos claims.
These asbestos cases allege a variety of respiratory and other diseases based on alleged exposure to asbestos. U. S. Steel is currently a defendant in cases in which a total of approximately 190 plaintiffs allege that they are suffering from mesothelioma. The potential for damages against defendants may be greater in cases in which the plaintiffs can prove mesothelioma.
In many cases in which claims have been asserted against U. S. Steel, the plaintiffs have been unable to establish any causal relationship to U. S. Steel or our products or premises; however, with the decline in mass plaintiff cases the incidence of claimants actually alleging a claim against U. S. Steel is increasing. In addition, in many asbestos cases, the plaintiffs have been unable to demonstrate that they have suffered any identifiable injury or compensable loss at all; that any injuries that they have incurred did in fact result from alleged exposure to asbestos; or that such alleged exposure was in any way related to U. S. Steel or our products or premises.
In every asbestos case in which U. S. Steel is named as a party, the complaints are filed against numerous named defendants and generally do not contain allegations regarding specific monetary damages sought. To the extent that any specific amount of damages is sought, the amount applies to claims against all named defendants and in no case is there any allegation of monetary damages against U. S. Steel. Historically, approximately 89 percent of the cases against U. S. Steel did not specify any damage amount or stated that the damages sought exceeded the amount required to establish jurisdiction of the court in which the case was filed. (Jurisdictional amounts generally range from $25,000 to $75,000.) U. S. Steel does not consider the amount of damages alleged, if any, in a complaint to be relevant in assessing our potential exposure to asbestos liabilities. The ultimate outcome of any claim depends upon a myriad of legal and factual issues, including whether the plaintiff
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can prove actual disease, if any; actual exposure, if any, to U. S. Steel products; or the duration of exposure to asbestos, if any, on U. S. Steel’s premises. U. S. Steel has noted over the years that the form of complaint including its allegations, if any, concerning damages often depends upon the form of complaint filed by particular law firms and attorneys. Often the same damage allegation will be in multiple complaints regardless of the number of plaintiffs, the number of defendants, or any specific diseases or conditions alleged.
U. S. Steel aggressively pursues grounds for the dismissal of U. S. Steel from pending cases and litigates cases to verdict where we believe litigation is appropriate. U. S. Steel also makes efforts to settle appropriate cases, especially mesothelioma cases, for reasonable, and frequently nominal, amounts.
The following table shows activity with respect to asbestos litigation:
Period ended | Opening Number of Claims |
Claims Dismissed, Settled and Resolved |
New Claims |
Closing Number of Claims |
Amounts (in millions) | ||||||
December 31, 2006 |
8,400 | 5,150 | 450 | 3,700 | $ | 8 | |||||
December 31, 2007 |
3,700 | 1,230 | 530 | 3,000 | $ | 9 | |||||
December 31, 2008 |
3,000 | 400 | 450 | 3,050 | $ | 13 | |||||
March 31, 2009 |
3,050 | 90 | 65 | 3,025 | $ | 3 |
The amount U. S. Steel has accrued for pending asbestos claims is not material to U. S. Steel’s financial position. U. S. Steel does not accrue for unasserted asbestos claims because it is not possible to determine whether any loss is probable with respect to such claims or even to estimate the amount or range of any possible losses. The vast majority of pending claims against us allege so-called “premises” liability-based exposure on U. S. Steel’s current or former premises. These claims are made by an indeterminable number of people such as truck drivers, railroad workers, salespersons, contractors and their employees, government inspectors, customers, visitors and even trespassers. In most cases, the claimant also was exposed to asbestos in non-U. S. Steel settings; the relative periods of exposure between U. S. Steel and non-U. S. Steel settings vary with each claimant; and the strength or weakness of the causal link between U. S. Steel exposure and any injury vary widely.
It is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome of asbestos-related lawsuits, claims and proceedings due to the unpredictable nature of personal injury litigation. Despite this uncertainty, management believes that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, although the resolution of such matters could significantly impact results of operations for a particular quarter. Among the factors considered in reaching this conclusion are: (1) that over the last several years, the total number of pending claims has declined; (2) that it has been many years since U. S. Steel employed maritime workers or manufactured or sold asbestos containing products; and (3) U. S. Steel’s history of trial outcomes, settlements and dismissals.
The foregoing statements of belief are forward-looking statements. Predictions as to the outcome of pending litigation are subject to substantial uncertainties with respect to (among other things) factual and judicial determinations, and actual results could differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements.
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Following are the material changes to the risk factors that were disclosed in Item 1A of U. S. Steel’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Risks related to the current global recession
Our annual report on Form 10-K contains a number of risk factors relating to the current global recession. Since the filing of the Form 10-K, the market for steel products has remained at depressed levels. Recent developments concerning the auto industry that may negatively impact us include the announcement by the President of the United States that the plans submitted by General Motors Corporation and Chrysler LLC do not go far enough to warrant the substantial new investments that these companies are requesting, and that the companies have only a limited additional period of time to produce a plan that would support an investment of additional U.S. taxpayer dollars; statements by General Motors and Chrysler executives that they may consider seeking bankruptcy protection; and General Motors’ recent announcement that it will schedule multiple down weeks at 13 assembly operations in North America, removing approximately 190,000 vehicles from General Motors’ production schedule in the second and early third quarter of 2009. The continued decline of the North American auto industry could force us to idle additional facilities. Bankruptcy filings by any of our major customers would increase the risk of collecting amounts owed by them, and would reduce availability under our Receivables Purchase Agreement. We would also be negatively impacted if our customers’ sales decline as a result of market concerns about their viability, continued availability of warranties and service and the ripple effect through the world economy. Also, the North American rig count for March 2009 dropped to 1,301, compared to the February 2009 level of 1,733 and down 904 from the same month last year. This increases the risk of further declines in tubular sales and prices.
Risks related to our proposed amendments to the Credit Facility and Term Loans
The proposed amendments to the Credit Facility and the Term Loans are not expected to become effective until later in the second quarter and are subject to definitive financing documentation and the completion of collateral diligence satisfactory to the lenders. If the proposed amendments to the Credit Facility and the Term Loans become effective, availability under the Credit Facility would be limited to a monthly borrowing base of certain eligible inventory less the total amounts outstanding under the Term Loans. The amounts of eligible inventory are subject to collateral reviews and appraisals. In addition, we expect further inventory reductions in 2009 and this could further limit availability under the Credit Facility. If availability under the Credit Facility falls below approximately $112.5 million, a fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.1:1 will be triggered. These limits to availability may be a particular problem when market conditions and order levels improve and we need to rebuild working capital.
We have agreed to grant our lenders a security interest in all of our United States inventory, the proceeds thereof and in our accounts receivable to the extent they are not sold under our Receivables Purchase Agreement.
If the amendments are not implemented and our operations continue at current levels, we may be unable as of the end of the third quarter of 2009 to meet the financial covenants under our current Credit Facility and Term Loans. In such event, we would have to repay any then outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility and our Term Loans would become immediately payable. Any such acceleration of then outstanding indebtedness in excess of $100 million under our credit facility or such term loans would constitute a default under our new senior convertible notes, if such notes are issued. Furthermore, if we were unable to repay the amounts then due out of our available cash or the proceeds of a refinancing, there would be a termination event under our Receivables Purchase Agreement. Even if we were able to repay the amounts then due, such repayment could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and financial position.
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Risks related to refinancing the Term Loans
We intend to repay our Three-Year Term Loan with the net proceeds from the public offerings of our common stock and the Convertible Notes. Any remaining proceeds from these offerings will be used to repay all or a portion of our Five-Year Term Loan and then for general corporate purposes. Our ability to consummate these offerings will depend upon market and other conditions and we cannot predict whether we will be able to do so or what the terms and conditions will be for these offerings. To the extent we are unable to refinance the Term Loans, our ability to borrow the full amount under the Credit Facility as proposed to be amended may be reduced as the borrowing base formula includes a reduction for amounts outstanding under the Term Loans.
Risks related to the proposed amendments to the Receivable Purchase Agreement
If the proposed amendments to our Receivables Purchase Agreement become effective, amounts of receivables supporting this program would be reduced due to increased reserve percentages and a revision to the definition of eligible receivables. In addition, we have experienced a substantial reduction in accounts receivable in the last two quarters as a result of lower orders. Further reductions from the level of eligible accounts receivable available as of March 31, 2009 would likely limit amounts available for sale under our Receivables Purchase Agreement.
Risks related to goodwill
As of March 31, 2009, we had $1.6 billion of goodwill on our balance sheet related to the Lone Star and Stelco acquisitions. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually in the third quarter and whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We considered the change in business conditions and the corresponding decrease in our stock price in the fourth quarter of 2008 to be a triggering event as defined by Financial Accounting Standard No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” and we therefore tested goodwill for impairment as of December 31, 2008. Our testing, which was based on the assumptions discussed in Note 1 to our financial statements contained in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, did not indicate that goodwill was impaired as of December 31, 2008. The continuation of adverse business conditions and our actions to address them in the first quarter of 2009 were not considered to be a triggering event. We view such actions as a continuation of the measures that began in the fourth quarter of 2008 to respond to the global recession. Furthermore, we do not have any additional visibility into discounted future cash flows than we had in the fourth quarter of 2008. Therefore, we did not test goodwill for impairment as of March 31, 2009. If a continued deterioration of business conditions or other factors have an adverse effect on our estimates of discounted future cash flows or compound annual growth rate, or if we experience a sustained decline in our market capitalization, we may test goodwill for impairment prior to the annual test in the third quarter of 2009. Future testing may result in an impairment charge.
Risks related to our effective tax benefit rate
In accordance with FIN 18, “Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods (an interpretation of APB Opinion No. 28),” we have not recognized a tax benefit for pre-tax losses in Canada and Serbia, which are jurisdictions where we have recorded a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets for accounting purposes. As a result, the pre-tax losses associated with 榴莲视频C and 榴莲视频S do not provide any tax benefit for accounting purposes. Significant changes in the mix of pre-tax results among the jurisdictions in which we operate could have a material impact on our effective tax benefit rate.
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Risks related to rating agency downgrades
As discussed under “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Debt Ratings,” with respect to our senior unsecured debt, Moody’s Investor Service placed its rating under review for possible downgrading, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services placed its rating on CreditWatch with negative implications and Fitch Ratings affirmed its rating and revised our outlook to negative. We cannot predict the substance or timing of any action by these rating agencies but based on preliminary discussions with the agencies one or more downgrades may occur imminently. If our debt is downgraded, raising capital will become more difficult, borrowing costs under our credit facilities and other future borrowings will increase, the terms under which we purchase goods and services will be affected and our ability to take advantage of potential business opportunities will be limited. We may also be forced to provide collateral or financial assurance for environmental closure and other presently unsecured obligations.
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UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS (Unaudited)
Quarter Ended March 31, |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||
(LOSS) INCOME FROM OPERATIONS |
||||||||
Flat-rolled (a)(b) |
$ | (422 | ) | $ | 97 | |||
U. S. Steel Europe |
(159 | ) | 161 | |||||
Tubular |
127 | 51 | ||||||
Other Businesses (b) |
(3 | ) | 18 | |||||
Segment (Loss) Income from Operations |
(457 | ) | 327 | |||||
Retiree benefit (expenses) income |
(32 | ) | 1 | |||||
Other items not allocated to segments: |
||||||||
Net gain on sale of assets |
97 | - | ||||||
Workforce reduction charges |
(86 | ) | - | |||||
Litigation reserve |
- | (45 | ) | |||||
Flat-rolled inventory transition effects |
- | (17 | ) | |||||
Total (Loss) Income from Operations |
$ | (478 | ) | $ | 266 | |||
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES (c) |
||||||||
Flat-rolled (a)(b) |
$ | 98 | $ | 75 | ||||
U. S. Steel Europe |
10 | 32 | ||||||
Tubular |
3 | 4 | ||||||
Other Businesses (b) |
7 | 3 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 118 | $ | 114 | ||||
OPERATING STATISTICS |
||||||||
Average realized price: ($/net ton) (d) |
||||||||
Flat-rolled (a)(b) |
$ | 715 | $ | 646 | ||||
U. S. Steel Europe |
672 | 791 | ||||||
Tubular |
2,353 | 1,297 | ||||||
Steel Shipments: (d)(e) |
||||||||
Flat-rolled (a)(b) |
2,123 | 4,701 | ||||||
U. S. Steel Europe |
897 | 1,638 | ||||||
Tubular (b) |
207 | 433 | ||||||
Raw Steel-Production: (e) |
||||||||
Flat-rolled |
2,279 | 5,558 | ||||||
U. S. Steel Europe |
999 | 1,908 | ||||||
Raw Steel-Capability Utilization: (f) |
||||||||
Flat-rolled |
38.0 | % | 91.7 | % | ||||
U. S. Steel Europe |
54.8 | % | 103.4 | % |
(a) |
Includes the results of the pickle lines acquired as of August 29, 2008. |
(b) |
Effective with the fourth quarter of 2008, the operating results of our iron ore operations, which were previously included in Other Businesses, are included in the Flat-rolled segment. Prior periods have been restated to reflect this change. |
(c) |
Excludes spending by variable interest entities, which is not funded by U. S. Steel. |
(d) |
Excludes intersegment transfers. |
(e) |
Thousands of net tons. |
(f) |
Based on annual raw steel production capability of 24.3 million net tons for Flat-rolled and 7.4 million net tons for U. S. Steel Europe. |
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Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
U. S. Steel had no sales of unregistered securities during the period covered by this report and we have suspended purchases under our Common Stock Repurchase Program.
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12.1 | Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends | |
12.2 | Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges | |
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer required by Rules 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer required by Rules 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned chief accounting officer thereunto duly authorized.
UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION | ||
By | /s/ Gregory A. Zovko | |
Gregory A. Zovko Vice President and Controller |
April 27, 2009
This Form 10-Q will be posted on the U. S. Steel web site, www.ussteel.com, within a few days of its filing.
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